INTONATION

"Intonation Bridging Activities: Meaningful Practice for Final Intonation" by G. Muller Levis & J. Levis. 

Bridging activities combine control and flexibility in the same activity. This is important for all language learning, but it is especially important for pronunciation because it requires both cognitive understanding and automatic motor control. Bridging activities are called “Guided Practice” by Celce-Murcia, Brinton, Goodwin and Griner (2010) and are the middle step of their three stages of pronunciation production activities (Controlled, Guided, Communicative). 
Click HERE to download the handout.

​STRESS

"Teaching Contrastive Stress for Varied Speaking Levels" by G. Muller Levis & John M. Levis
​Contrastive stress is an important use of prominence in English speech (Bolinger, 1961). Prominence is the use of voice pitch, syllable length, and loudness to call attention to semantic categories being expressed in speech. Learners must understand that prominence is essential to express meaning in English. 

​Click HERE to download the handout.
Click HERE to download the slides for class use.

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